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The Future of Mathematics?

7 videos recommended on HN
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9 HN users recommended this talk7 months2019–2025 score 7
Years with an HN recommendation, 2007–2026

Recommended as the clearest mathematician's perspective on formal proof assistants and why mathematics should be formalized.

Mathematician Kevin Buzzard explains why he believes the Lean theorem prover will shape the future of mathematics, and describes digitizing his university curriculum in Lean with undergraduates, plus the cultural challenges.

“For a perspective of a mathematician that came to evangelize theorem provers, I recommend Kevin Buzzard's MS 2019-09 presentation [0] about LEAN.” (HN, 2019)

9 recommendations · 5 citations · Talks

14 Hacker News comments

From the HN archive; up to 20 kept per video, favoring different commenters. Recommendations first.

@infogulch Oct 2019 Recommends
on HN thread Alloy is a language for describing structures and a tool for exploring them
Last week Microsoft Research posted an interesting talk by Kevin Buzzard [1] from Imperial College London about how he wants to formalize all mathematics with theorem provers. He's currently using LEAN [2]. Half of the talk is a discussion of the challenges he's faced convincing other mathematicians that this is valuable, and the other half is about his success using LEAN as a tool to teach undergraduates about formal proofs in general. I think Alloy was mentioned at the end, but not really compared to LEAN. [1]: [this video] [2]: [link]
Buzzard on formalizing mathematics and teaching proofs with Lean.
@Nzen Oct 2019 Recommends
on HN thread A Code Glitch May Have Caused Errors in More Than a Hundred Published Studies
Read more
For a perspective of a mathematician that came to evangelize theorem provers, I recommend Kevin Buzzard's MS 2019-09 presentation [0] about LEAN. He highlights cultural misunderstanding and apathy on both sides of the domain divide. He also references the idea that the people who might make the appropriate tools may not have stayed in academia. So, he's structured his courses around using LEAN with the indirect consequence that power users (undergrads) may choose to become open source committers. [0] [this video] One hour of presentation and then 15 min of q/a. My favorite is around 1:04:00 when someone asks a second time why he disprefers coq, and Buzzard complains that it can't represent some advanced quotient type that he'd have to work around. I'm reminded of [1] [1] [link] Dangling by a trivial feature
Mathematician evangelizing theorem provers, covering cultural gaps and teaching with Lean.
@carapace Nov 2020 Recommends
on HN thread Building the Mathematical Library of the Future
Oh man that was fun! Totally nerd-sniped my day though. Got me to go back and re-watch Kevin Buzzard's talk at MS Research in re: Lean, "The Future of Mathematics?" [this video] [link]
Worth re-watching Buzzard's Lean talk.
@andrewnc May 2021 Recommends
on HN thread Z3 Tutorial
That was a delightful tutorial, I recently watched a talk about the Future of Mathematics[0] with respect to theorem proving and formalization. I enjoy this area a lot and love to see it getting more attention. 0 - [this video]
Talk on future of mathematics with theorem proving and formalization.
@liups Dec 2021 Recommends
on HN thread The year in math and computer science
Read more
> pure math (topology and countability) and computer science have almost no overlap in the short term. This is an unexpected opinion. What do you mean by this? I would argue the opposite. Look at Formal Verification[0]. Here's a great video about a popular formal verfication proof assitant: [this video] A quote from the mathematician in the video expressing enthusiasm for using computers for mathematics: "All I want to do... I don't want to do mathematics on pen and paper anymore, because I don't trust it, and I don't trust other people that use it; which is everyone." (in case people only read this quote, instead of watching the lecture, the tone is tongue-in-cheek) Formal Verification would seem a literal intersection of pure math (formal proofs[1]) and computer science (formal specification[2]). Of note, one of the popular underlying foundations of an approach to formal verification is Homotopy Type Theory(HoTT)[3][4] which is an asserted effort to show the relationship between type theory and, specifically, topology (homotopy[5]). [0] [link] : fancy word for 'computer verified mathematical proofs' [1] [link] : fancy word for 'proof' [2] [link] : fancy word for 'rules for an algo that checks a proof' [3] [link] [4] [link] : a great read, even if you are a novice, or prefer other formal verification foundations [5] [link] : "It originated as a topic in algebraic topology"
Mathematician enthusiastic about using computers for proofs, tongue-in-cheek.

Citations, criticism and jokes

@contravariant Oct 2019 Cites it
on HN thread F# RISC-V Instruction Set Formal Specification
The main reason code isn't considered a formal specification is that it's not intended to be either formal or a specification. That doesn't mean you cannot write a formal specification in code. If anything code allows for a higher level of formality than all but the most formal mathematics. Which is why some mathematicians are advocating that mathematical proofs should be specified as code [1]. You shouldn't confuse the existence of these languages to mean that any code not capable of expressing mathematical proofs is not formal. It might be limited, but not informal. [1]: [this video]
Mathematicians advocating proofs be specified as code.
@drdeca Oct 2019 Cites it
on HN thread Can Computers Prove Theorems?
Read more
I asked a similar question in the comments on a youtube video, and Mario Carneiro, one of the people who work on Lean, answered me. He said he does work on this area, and it kind of works (at least for the theorems you would want to translate?), but in addition to the proofs being very not nice to read, the way the statements of the theorems are translated are, by default, also rather not nice (being statements about specific formulations of the objects (such as the set of integers) as they are expressed/defined in the language being translated from, instead of referring to the corresponding objects that have been defined in the language being translated to. However, he says that it doesn’t take all that much work to manually massage it until the statement of the theorem is expressed in the way that you want it to be. I’m on my phone right now, and the phone youtube app doesn’t give me a permalink, but I’ll try and edit this comment soon on laptop to include link to the comment section. Edit : here are links to what Mario Carneiro said in the thread click the read all replies to read the full thread) [this video] [this video]
YouTube comments by a Lean developer, cited as source.
@JulianWasTaken Jul 2020 Cites it
on HN thread Ask HN: What are you using new programming languages for?
Lean [1] [2] [3] To try and revitalize my math life a bit... There are some things I quite miss, and learning Lean was my idea to force myself to get back in the swing of things. [1]: [link] [2]: [link] [3]: [this video]
Resource for learning Lean to get back into math.
@stablenode Aug 2020 Cites it
on HN thread Graphical Linear Algebra
"Are you the high priest and decider of the usefulness of mathematics? To be honest, it almost sounds like some category theorist was super mean to you..." Interesting and totally not ad hominem response... I believe Kevin Buzzard (an actual mathematician) had a few words about this last year: [this video]
Buzzard comments on the usefulness of mathematics and formalization.
@ookdatnog Jun 2022 Cites it
on HN thread Ask HN: How to learn mathematical proofs from scratch?
At Imperial College London there's an intro to proofs course taught with interactive exercises supported by a proof assistant, Lean. The exercises (and the proof assistant) are freely available online at [link] . Disclaimer: I didn't fully work through this game, I never studied at ICL and I can't vouch for its effectiveness, I simply heard about it and thought it was interesting and relevant to your question. (Here's also a talk by the professor about his rationale for using Lean: [this video] ).
Professor explains rationale for teaching with Lean.

Video list and Hacker News comment labels from HackerTube (prompted by @karpathy), released under ODC-By 1.0, built on the open-index/hacker-news archive. Hacker News data is provided by Y Combinator; comments remain the work of their authors. Video titles, channel names and thumbnails belong to their creators and are shown via YouTube. HackerTube Watch is an unofficial edition. Data export of 2026-10-31.

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