4 HN users recommended this explainer3 months2017–2024score 3.5
Years with an HN recommendation, 2007–2026
HN recommends the series as a very accessible way to understand the math behind machine learning and LLMs.
3Blue1Brown's second neural network chapter explains cost functions and gradient descent, showing how a network learns by minimizing error during training.
“3Blue1Brown which explains math in very accessible way” (HN, 2017)
I'm in the same boat. For long time, I was interested in AI but at the same time intimidated by math. I'm relatively comfortable with discrete mathematics and classical algorithms and at the same time calculus and linear algebra is completely foreign to me. Also, I do not accept way to learn ML without good understanding of core principles behind it. So math is a must. A few months ago, I stumbled upon very amazing YouTube Channel 3Blue1Brown which explains math in very accessible way and at the same time I got feeling that I finally started understanding core ideas behind linear algebra and calculus. Just recently he published 4 videos about deep neural networks: [link] [this video] [link] [link] So my fear of ML was gone away and I'm very excited to explore whole new world for neural networks and other things like support vector machines etc
Accessible math explanation that removed fear of ML.
This was very timely for me and for anyone else learning, here are the first few videos of the series: [link] [this video] [link] (Original video) [link]
Part of a video series for learning neural networks.
> when an LLM tells us that the sun rises in the east, it's not because it truly understands astronomy or the solar system. Rather, it has seen the phrase "sun rises in the east" repeated so many times in its training data that this becomes the highest probability answer. It's less about understanding and more about pattern recognition. This is not too different from most human person's experience with basic education ( [link] ). Though it is obvious that humans can do more than that too. And while "voting" that may be a close-enough metaphor for the multi-layer perceptron layers, it is not what is happening in the attention layers. I suggest checking out 3blue1brown's videos on gradient descent [this video] and "How might LLMs store facts" [link] versus how attention works [link]
Explains gradient descent, helpful for understanding LLMs.
A bit of a side-note, but I think it is an interesting piece of marketing that Amplify Partners decided to sponsor[1] the previous video in this series. I wonder (and hope) we'll see more VCs sponsoring open educational content relevant to their focus. [1] [this video]
Video list and Hacker News comment labels from HackerTube (prompted by @karpathy), released under ODC-By 1.0, built on the open-index/hacker-news archive. Hacker News data is provided by Y Combinator; comments remain the work of their authors. Video titles, channel names and thumbnails belong to their creators and are shown via YouTube. HackerTube Watch is an unofficial edition. Data export of 2026-10-31.
5 Hacker News comments
From the HN archive; up to 20 kept per video, favoring different commenters. Recommendations first.
Read more
Read more
Citations, criticism and jokes